How To Update Centos 4.9 To The Latest Version

Linux distribution based on Red Lid Enterprise Linux

This commodity is about the operating organization. For the Polish-Jewish children's-assistance society, see CENTOS (charity).

CentOS

GNOME Shell as the default desktop environment in CentOS 8.3
Developer	The CentOS Project (affiliated with Cherry Hat)
Os family	Linux (Unix-like)
Working state	Discontinued
Source model	Open source
Initial release	14 May 2004; 17 years ago  (2004-05-14) [1]
Concluding release	eight.five.2111[ii] (16 November 2021; 4 months ago  (2021-eleven-16)) [±] 7.nine-2009[three] (12 November 2020; sixteen months ago  (2020-11-12)) [±]
Marketing target	Servers, desktop computers, workstations, supercomputers
Update method	Release Candidate
Bundle manager	Yum (command line); PackageKit (graphical); .rpm (binaries format)
Platforms	x86-64, ARM64, and ppc64le[a]
Kernel type	Linux kernel
Default user interface	Fustigate, GNOME Crush[4]
License	GNU GPL and other licenses
Succeeded by	AlmaLinux, Rocky Linux
Official website	centos.org

CentOS (, from Community Enterprise Operating System; likewise known as CentOS Linux)^{[5] [6]} is a Linux distribution that provides a complimentary and open-source community-supported calculating platform, functionally uniform with its upstream source, Red Lid Enterprise Linux (RHEL).^{[7] [8]} In January 2014, CentOS announced the official joining with Red Hat while staying independent from RHEL,^[9] under a new CentOS governing board.^{[x] [11]}

The first CentOS release in May 2004, numbered as CentOS version ii, was forked from RHEL version two.1AS.^[one] Since version viii, CentOS officially supports the x86-64, ARM64, and POWER8 architectures, and releases up to version vi also supported the IA-32 compages. As of December 2015^[update], AltArch releases of CentOS 7 are available for the IA-32 architecture, Power ISA, and for the ARMv7hl and AArch64 variants of the ARM compages.^{[12] [13]} CentOS 8 was released on 24 September 2019.^[14]

In December 2020, Red Lid unilaterally terminated CentOS evolution.^{[15] [sixteen] [17] [18]} In response, CentOS founder Gregory Kurtzer created the Rocky Linux project as a successor to the original mission of CentOS.^[19] In March 2021, Cloud Linux (makers of CloudLinux OS) released a new RHEL derivative chosen AlmaLinux.^[20]

While the distribution was discontinued at the end of 2021, development of CentOS Stream, its midstream variant, continues.^[21]

History [edit]

CentOS originated as a build of CAOS Linux, an RPM-based Linux distribution started by Gregory Kurtzer in 2002.^{[22] [23] [24]} Infiscale described its GravityOS as "[including] the small footprint of Caos",^[25] indicating a certain level of influence from the discontinued distribution.

In June 2006, David Parsley, the primary developer of Tao Linux (some other RHEL clone), announced the retirement of Tao Linux and its rolling into CentOS development. Tao users migrated to the CentOS release via yum update.^[26]

In July 2009, information technology was reported in an open letter on the CentOS Project spider web site that CentOS's founder, Lance Davis, had disappeared in 2008. Davis had ceased contribution to the projection, just continued to agree the registration for the CentOS domain and PayPal account. In Baronial 2009, the CentOS team reportedly made contact with Davis and obtained the centos.info and centos.org domains.^[27]

In July 2010, CentOS overtook Debian to go the about popular Linux distribution for web servers, with most 30% of all Linux spider web servers using it.^[28] Debian retook the lead in Jan 2012.^[29]

In January 2014, Cherry Hat announced that it would sponsor the CentOS Project, "helping to institute a platform well-suited to the needs of open source developers that integrate technologies in and effectually the operating arrangement".^[thirty] As a result of these changes, ownership of CentOS trademarks was transferred to Scarlet Hat,^[31] which now employs most of the CentOS head developers; however, they work every bit role of Cherry Chapeau's Open up Source and Standards team, which operates separately from the Carmine Chapeau Enterprise Linux team.^[nine] A new CentOS governing board was too established.^[10]

On eight December 2020, the CentOS Project announced that the distribution would be discontinued at the cease of 2021 in order to focus on CentOS Stream.^[32] The community's response to this proclamation was overwhelmingly negative. Soon thereafter, CentOS founder Gregory Kurtzer announced a new project to continue the original CentOS focus, which became known as Rocky Linux.^[19] CloudLinux created AlmaLinux to provide a community-supported successor to CentOS Linux, aiming for binary-compatibility with the current version of RHEL.^[33] A beta version of AlmaLinux was outset released on February 1, 2021,^[34] and the first stable release of AlmaLinux was published on March 30, 2021.^[35]

Design [edit]

CentOS developers use Red Hat's source code to create a final product very similar to RHEL. Red Hat'due south branding and logos are changed considering Red Hat does not allow them to be redistributed.^[36] CentOS is available free of charge. Technical support is primarily provided by the community via official mailing lists, web forums, and chat rooms.

The project is affiliated with Red Hat but aspires to be more public, open, and inclusive. While Reddish Hat employs most of the CentOS caput developers, the CentOS Project itself relies on donations from users and organizational sponsors.^[9]

Versioning and releases [edit]

CentOS releases [edit]

CentOS version numbers for releases older than seven.0 have 2 parts, a major version and a minor version, which correspond to the major version and update set of Ruby Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) used to build a item CentOS release. For instance, CentOS 6.v is congenital from the source packages of RHEL 6 update 5 (as well known every bit RHEL version 6.5), which is a then-called "betoken release" of RHEL half dozen.^[37]

Starting with version 7.0, CentOS version numbers likewise include a tertiary part that indicates the monthstamp of the source code the release is based on. For instance, version number vii.0-1406 still maps this CentOS release to the zeroth update set up of RHEL 7, while "1406" indicates that the source code this release is based on dates from June 2014. Using the monthstamp allows installation images to be reissued for (every bit of July 2014^[update]) oncoming container and cloud releases, while maintaining a connection to the related base release version.^[38]

Since mid-2006 and starting with RHEL version 4.iv, which is formally known as Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4.0 update 4, Red Hat has adopted a version-naming convention identical to that used by CentOS (for instance, RHEL 4.5 or RHEL 6.5).^[39]

On 10 September 2019 CentOS deferred CentOS viii.one piece of work for CentOS vii.seven since CentOS 7.x was in production and CentOS 8.x was not in production. Once CentOS vii.7 was released resources moved back to CentOS eight.0.

On 24 September 2019 CentOS officially released CentOS version viii.0.

End-of-back up schedule [edit]

According to the Red Chapeau Enterprise Linux (RHEL) life cycle,^[40] CentOS 5, six and seven will exist "maintained for up to 10 years" as it is based on RHEL.^[41] Previously, CentOS 4 had been supported for seven years.^[42]

CentOS version	Release date	Total updates[43] [44]	Maintenance updates[43] [44]
Old version, no longer maintained: iii	2004-03-xix	2006-07-twenty	2010-10-31 [45]
One-time version, no longer maintained: 4	2005-03-09	2009-03-31	2012-02-29[45] [b]
Old version, no longer maintained: 5	2007-04-12	2014-01-31	2017-03-31[45] [c]
Onetime version, no longer maintained: 6	2011-07-10	2017-05-10	2020-xi-xxx[45]
Older version, yet nonetheless maintained: 7	2014-07-07	2020-08-06	2024-06-thirty[45]
Sometime version, no longer maintained: eight	2019-09-24	2021-12-31[46]
Fable: Old version Older version, nevertheless maintained Latest version Latest preview version Future release

Older version information [edit]

CentOS version	Architectures	RHEL base of operations	Kernel	CentOS release date	RHEL release date	Delay (days)
2.i	IA-32	2.1	2.four.9	2004-05-xiv[1]	2002-05-17[47]	728
iii.1	IA-32, x86-64, IA-64, s390, s390x	three.i	2.4.21-15	2004-03-xix[48]	2003-10-23[47]	148
3.three	IA-32, x86-64, IA-64, s390, s390x	iii.3	2.four.21-20	2004-09-17	2004-09-03	14
3.iv	IA-32, x86-64, IA-64, s390, s390x	3.four	2.iv.21-27	2005-01-23	2004-12-12	42
3.5	IA-32	3.v	2.4.21-32	2005-06-10[49]	2005-05-18	23
3.6	IA-32	3.6	2.4.21-37	2005-11-01[50]	2005-09-28	34
3.7	IA-32, x86-64, IA-64, s390, s390x	3.7	two.4.21-40	2006-04-x[51]	2006-03-17	23
3.eight	IA-32, x86-64	iii.8	two.four.21-47	2006-08-25[52]	2006-07-20	36
3.ix	IA-32, x86-64, IA-64, s390, s390x	3.9	2.4.21-l	2007-07-26[53]	2007-06-15	41
4.0	IA-32, x86-64, various	four.0	2.6.nine-5	2005-03-09[54]	2005-02-14[55]	23
4.1	IA-32, IA-64, s390	4.one	2.vi.9-eleven	2005-06-12[56]	2005-06-08	four
iv.2	IA-32, x86-64, IA-64, s390, s390x, alpha	4.2	two.six.9-22	2005-10-13[57]	2005-10-05	8
4.3	IA-32, x86-64, IA-64, s390, s390x	iv.iii	2.half dozen.nine-34	2006-03-21[58]	2006-03-12	nine
4.4	IA-32, x86-64	4.4	2.6.nine-42	2006-08-30[59]	2006-08-10	20
4.5	IA-32, x86-64, IA-64	4.5	2.6.nine-55	2007-05-17[60]	2007-05-01	sixteen
4.6	IA-32, x86-64, IA-64, Alpha, s390, s390x, PowerPC (beta), SPARC (beta)	4.6	ii.6.9-67	2007-12-xvi[61]	2007-11-16[62]	30
4.seven	IA-32, x86-64	4.7	2.6.nine-78	2008-09-13[63]	2008-07-24[64]	51
iv.8	IA-32, x86-64	4.8	2.6.9-89	2009-08-21[65]	2009-05-xviii[66]	95
4.9	IA-32, x86-64	4.9	two.6.ix-100	2011-03-02[67]	2011-02-xvi[68]	14
five.0	IA-32, x86-64	5.0	ii.half-dozen.18-viii	2007-04-12[69]	2007-03-14[seventy]	28
5.1	IA-32, x86-64	5.1	two.6.18-53	2007-12-02[71]	2007-11-07[72]	25
five.2	IA-32, x86-64	5.2	2.half-dozen.18-92	2008-06-24[73]	2008-05-21[74]	34
v.iii	IA-32, x86-64	5.3	2.6.18-128	2009-03-31[75]	2009-01-xx[76]	69
five.4	IA-32, x86-64	v.4	2.6.xviii-164	2009-10-21[77]	2009-09-02[78]	49
5.5	IA-32, x86-64	5.5	2.6.xviii-194	2010-05-14[79]	2010-03-31[lxxx]	44
5.6	IA-32, x86-64	five.half-dozen	2.6.xviii-238	2011-04-08[81]	2011-01-thirteen[82]	85
v.7	IA-32, x86-64	v.7	2.6.18-274	2011-09-13[83]	2011-07-21[84]	54
5.8	IA-32, x86-64	5.8	two.6.xviii-308	2012-03-07[85]	2012-02-21[86]	15
v.9	IA-32, x86-64	5.ix	2.6.18-348	2013-01-17[87]	2013-01-07[88]	x
5.10	IA-32, x86-64	5.10	2.vi.eighteen-371	2013-10-nineteen[89]	2013-09-30[90]	19
v.11	IA-32, x86-64	5.eleven	2.6.xviii-398	2014-09-30[91]	2014-09-16[92]	14
6.0[93]	IA-32, x86-64	6.0	ii.6.32-71	2011-07-10[94]	2010-eleven-ten[95]	242
6.1	IA-32, x86-64	6.1	2.6.32-131	2011-12-09[96]	2011-05-19[97]	204
6.2	IA-32, x86-64	6.2	2.6.32-220	2011-12-20[98]	2011-12-06[99]	14
6.3[100]	IA-32, x86-64	6.iii	2.half dozen.32-279	2012-07-09[101]	2012-06-21[102]	xviii
6.4	IA-32, x86-64	half-dozen.iv	2.6.32-358	2013-03-09[103]	2013-02-21[104]	15
6.five	IA-32, x86-64	6.v	2.6.32-431	2013-12-01[105]	2013-11-21[106]	ten
6.half dozen	IA-32, x86-64	6.six	2.6.32-504	2014-10-28[107]	2014-10-14[108]	14
6.7	IA-32, x86-64	vi.7	2.vi.32-573	2015-08-07[109]	2015-07-22[110]	sixteen
6.eight	IA-32, x86-64	half-dozen.8	2.6.32-642	2016-05-25[111]	2016-05-10[112]	15
6.nine	IA-32, x86-64	six.nine	ii.6.32-696[113]	2017-04-05[114]	2017-03-21[115]	fifteen
6.10[116]	IA-32, x86-64	6.10	2.6.32-754[117]	2018-07-03[118]	2018-06-19[119]	14

CentOS version 7 [edit]

CentOS version	Architectures	RHEL base of operations	Kernel	CentOS release date	RHEL release appointment	Delay (days)
7.0-1406[120]	x86-64[121] [d]	7.0	3.10.0-123	2014-07-07[38]	2014-06-10[122]	27
seven.1-1503	x86-64	7.1	3.10.0-229	2015-03-31[123] [124]	2015-03-05[125]	26
vii.2-1511	x86-64	seven.two	3.10.0-327	2015-12-fourteen[126] [127]	2015-11-19[128]	25
vii.3-1611	x86-64	seven.iii	3.ten.0-514	2016-12-12[129]	2016-11-03[130]	39
7.4-1708	x86-64	7.four	3.x.0-693	2017-09-thirteen[131]	2017-07-31[132] [113]	43
7.v-1804	x86-64	seven.5	three.10.0-862	2018-05-10[133]	2018-04-ten[134] [113]	31
7.6-1810	x86-64	seven.6	3.10.0-957	2018-12-03[135]	2018-10-xxx[136] [113]	34
vii.7-1908	x86-64	vii.vii	3.x.0-1062	2019-09-17[137]	2019-08-06[138] [113]	42
vii.8-2003	x86-64	vii.8	3.10.0-1127	2020-04-27[139]	2020-03-xxx[140] [113]	28
Older version, withal still maintained: 7.nine-2009	x86-64	7.ix	3.10.0-1160	2020-11-12[141]	2020-09-29[142] [113]	44

Latest version data [edit]

CentOS version 8 [edit]

CentOS version	Architectures	RHEL base	Kernel	CentOS release date	RHEL release date	Delay (days)
8.0-1905	x86-64, ppc64le, AArch64	8.0	four.eighteen.0-80	2019-09-24[xiv]	2019-05-07[143] [113]	140
eight.1-1911		viii.i	four.eighteen.0-147	2020-01-15[144]	2019-11-05[145] [113]	71
8.2-2004		8.2	4.xviii.0-193	2020-06-xv[146]	2020-04-28[147] [113]	48
8.3-2011		eight.3	4.18.0-240	2020-12-07[148]	2020-11-03[149] [113]	34
eight.iv-2105		8.4	four.18.0-305	2021-06-03[150]	2021-05-xviii[151] [113]	16
Old version, no longer maintained: 8.5-2111		8.5	4.18.0-348	2021-11-16	2021-xi-09	7

AltArch releases [edit]

AltArch releases are released by the Culling Architecture Special Interest Group (AltArch SIG) to back up architectures that are non supported by the base CentOS releases.

CentOS version	Architectures	RHEL base of operations	CentOS release date
seven.i-1503	AArch64	seven.1	2015-08-04[13]
	IA-32		2015-ten-12[152]
7.ii-1511	IA-32	7.two	2015-12-19[12]
	ARMv7hl		2015-12-19[12]
	PowerPC64 (TechPreview)		2015-12-19[12]
	POWER8 (le) (TechPreview)		2015-12-xix[12]
7.3-1611	ARMv7hl	vii.three	2016-12-14
	POWER8 (le)		2016-12-22
	AArch64		2017-01-04
	IA-32		2017-01-27
7.4-1708	ARMv7hl	7.iv	2017-09-xiii[153]
	POWER8 (le)		2017-09-14[154]
	POWER7		2017-09-fourteen[155]
	AArch64		2017-09-xiii[156]
	IA-32		2017-x-12[157]
7.v-1804	ARMv7hl	7.5	2018-05-10[158]
	POWER8 LE		2018-05-10[133]
	POWER7		2018-05-10[133]
	AArch64		2018-05-10[133]
	IA-32		2018-05-ten[133]
vii.6-1810	ARMv7hl	7.vi	2018-12-03[159]
	POWER8 (le)		2018-12-03[160]
	PowerPC9		2018-12-03[160]
	AArch64		2018-12-03[160]
	IA-32		2018-12-03[160]
7.7-1908	ARMv7hl	seven.vii	2019-09-17[161]
	POWER7		2019-09-17[161]
	POWER8 (le)		2019-09-17[161]
	POWER9		2019-09-17[161]
	AArch64		2019-09-17[161]
	IA-32		2019-09-17[161]

Add-ons releases [edit]

Software Collections (SCL) is a CentOS repository that provides a set up of programming languages, database servers, and various related packages. Provided software versions are either more recent than their equivalent versions included in the base CentOS distribution, or are fabricated available as official CentOS packages for the first time.^[162] (See as well the list of CentOS repositories below.)

Packages available from the SCL practice not replace the default system tools provided with CentOS. Instead, a parallel fix of tools is installed in the /opt directory, and can be optionally enabled per application by using supplied scl utility. For instance, the default versions of Perl or MySQL remain those provided by the base CentOS installation.^[162]

Add-on name	Architectures	Base CentOS version	CentOS release date	RHEL release date	Delay (days)
Software Collections (SCL) ane.0[163]	x86-64	6.4, 6.5[164]	2014-02-xix[164]	2013-09-12[163]	160
Developer Toolset two.0[165]	IA-32, x86-64	6.4	N/A[166]	2013-09-12[165]	Due north/A

Releases without upstream equivalents [edit]

Some of the ISO images released by the CentOS Project accept no straight upstream equivalents. They are created for specific purposes, such as for providing a live bootable image, or for providing a reduced-size installation medium. In addition to those listed beneath, there are besides AltArch releases, which also have no straight upstream equivalents.

LiveCD and LiveDVD images contain a bootable compressed file system, created past a set of custom scripts^[167] using a kickstart configuration file.^[168] These live images can exist likewise installed to hard deejay, thus obtaining a fully functional CentOS installation. The set of packages installed that way on a hard disk drive tin can not be adapted during the installation, equally that is a simple transfer of the image existing on CD/DVD, to a hard disk. Afterwards booting from hd, yum can be used for adding or removing packages.^[169]

MinimalCD images incorporate a minimum of packages required for a functional installation, with no compromises in security or network usability. These minimal images employ the standard CentOS installer with all of its regular features minus the selection of packages. Yum tin can be used after the installation is completed to add or remove packages.^{[170] [171]}

CentOS version	Release proper name	Architectures	RHEL base	CentOS release engagement
4.7	Server	IA-32, x86-64	4.seven	2008-10-17[172]
5.1	Alive CD	IA-32	5.one	2008-02-xviii[173]
5.two	Alive CD	IA-32	5.2	2008-07-17[174]
5.iii	Live CD	IA-32	5.3	2009-05-27[175]
5.5	Live CD	IA-32, x86-64	5.5	2010-05-fourteen[79]
v.6	Live CD	IA-32, x86-64	5.6	2011-04-08[81]
half dozen.0	Alive CD	IA-32, x86-64	6.0	2011-07-25[176]
	Alive DVD			2011-07-27[177]
	Minimal CD			2011-07-28[171]
half-dozen.1	Live CD	IA-32, x86-64	half dozen.1	2011-12-09[178]
	Live DVD			2011-12-09[179]
	Minimal CD			2011-12-09[180]
half-dozen.2	Alive CD	IA-32, x86-64	six.two	2011-12-20[181]
	Live DVD			2011-12-xx[181]
	Minimal CD			2011-12-twenty[98]
6.3	Minimal CD	IA-32, x86-64	half-dozen.3	2012-07-09[101]
	Live CD			2012-07-fifteen
	Live DVD			2012-07-xv
6.four	Minimal CD	IA-32, x86-64	six.4	2013-03-09[103]
	Alive CD			2013-05-22[182]
	Live DVD			2013-05-22[182]
6.5	Minimal CD	IA-32, x86-64	6.5	2013-12-01[105]
	Alive CD			2013-12-01[105]
	Live DVD			2013-12-01[105]
half dozen.vi	Minimal CD	IA-32, x86-64	6.vi	2014-10-28[107]
half-dozen.vii	Minimal CD	IA-32, x86-64	half dozen.7	2015-08-07[109]
	Live CD			2015-08-11[183]
	Live DVD			2013-08-xi[183]
6.eight	Minimal CD	IA-32, x86-64	6.8	2016-05-25[111]
	Live CD			2016-05-25[111]
	Live DVD			2016-05-25[111]
vi.9	Minimal CD	IA-32, x86-64	6.ix	2017-04-05[114]
	Live DVD			2017-04-05[114]
6.ten	Minimal CD	IA-32, x86-64	half-dozen.10	2018-07-03[118]
	Live DVD			2018-07-03[118]
seven.0-1406[184]	Minimal	x86-64	7.0	2014-07-21[185]
	Live CD			2014-07-07[38]
	Gnome Alive			2014-07-07[38]
	KDE Live			2014-07-07[38]
seven.1-1503[186]	Minimal	x86-64	7.i	2015-03-31[123]
	Live CD			2015-03-31[123]
	Gnome Alive			2015-03-31[123]
	KDE Live			2015-03-31[123]
7.2-1511[187]	Minimal	x86-64	seven.2	2015-12-xiv[126]
	Gnome Live			2015-12-14[126]
	KDE Live			2015-12-14[126]
seven.iii-1611[188]	Minimal	x86-64	7.3	2016-12-12[129]
	Gnome Live			2016-12-12[129]
	KDE Live			2016-12-12[129]
7.4-1708[189]	Minimal	x86-64	7.4	2017-09-xiii[131]
	Gnome Alive			2017-09-13[131]
	KDE Live			2017-09-xiii[131]
vii.5-1804[190]	Minimal	x86-64	7.5	2018-05-10[133]
	Gnome Live			2018-05-10[133]
	KDE Alive			2018-05-10[133]
7.vi-1810[191]	Minimal	x86-64	7.half-dozen	2018-12-03[135]
	Gnome Live			2018-12-03[135]
	KDE Live			2018-12-03[135]
7.7-1908[192]	Minimal	x86-64	seven.7	2019-09-17[137]
	Gnome Live			2019-09-17[137]
	KDE Live			2019-09-17[137]

Special interest groups [edit]

Special interest groups (SIGs) are organized portions of the CentOS community that open up paths for building specialized variants of CentOS, which fulfill specific sets of requirements. SIGs take the freedom to modify and enhance CentOS in various ways, including calculation more than cut-border software, rebuilding existing packages depending on the requirements, providing alternative desktop environments, or making CentOS available on otherwise unsupported architectures.^[193]

Architectures [edit]

As of version eight, CentOS fully supports x86-64, POWER8 and 64-flake ARM architectures,^[194] while the following architectures are not supported:

• IA-32 in all variants, not supported since CentOS 7
• IA-32 without Physical Accost Extension (PAE), not supported since CentOS six
• IA-64 (Intel Itanium architecture), was supported in CentOS 3 and four
• 32-bit PowerPC (Apple Macintosh and PowerMac running the G3 or G4 PowerPC processor), beta support was available in CentOS four
• IBM Mainframe (eServer zSeries and S/390), not supported since CentOS five
• Alpha, support was bachelor in CentOS 4
• SPARC, beta support was available in CentOS 4

As of December 2015^[update], AltArch releases of CentOS seven are available for the ARMv7hl and AArch64 variants of the ARM architecture,^[xiii] and plans exist for supporting other variants of the ARM architecture. ARM support is a community try coordinated through the AltArch SIG.^{[13] [195]} AltArch releases of CentOS 7 are also available for the IA-32 architecture and Power ISA (POWER7 and POWER8 chips).^[12]

A Live CD version of CentOS is available at mirror.centos.org. A bootable Alive USB image of CentOS can be created manually or with UNetbootin.

CentOS images are also available on Amazon'southward EC2 deject, in form of prebuilt and already published Amazon Machine Images (AMIs).^{[196] [197]}

Repositories [edit]

There are three primary CentOS repositories (also known as channels), containing software packages that brand up the main CentOS distribution:^[198]

• base : contains packages that form CentOS point releases, and gets updated when the bodily point release is formally made available in form of ISO images.
• updates : contains packages that serve as security, bugfix or enhancement updates, issued between the regular update sets for point releases. Bugfix and enhancement updates released this way are only those unsuitable to be released through the CentOS-Fasttrack repository described below.^{[199] [200]}
• addons : provides packages required for edifice the packages that brand up the chief CentOS distribution, but are non provided by the upstream.^[eastward]

The CentOS Project provides several additional repositories that contain software packages not provided by the default base of operations and updates repositories. Those repositories include the post-obit:^[201]

• CentOS Extras : contains packages that provide additional functionality to CentOS without breaking its upstream compatibility or updating the base components.
• CentOSPlus : contains packages that really upgrade certain base CentOS components, changing CentOS then that it is non exactly like the upstream provider'due south content.
• CentOS-Testing : serves as a proving footing for packages on their way to CentOSPlus and CentOS Extras. Offered packages may or may not supplant core CentOS packages, and are not guaranteed to work properly.
• CentOS-Fasttrack : contains bugfix and enhancement updates issued from time to time, between the regular update sets for indicate releases. The packages released this way serve as shut candidates for the inclusion into the next point release. This repository does not provide security updates, and does not contain packages unsuitable for uncertain inclusion into indicate releases.^{[199] [200] [202]}
• CR (Continuous Release) : makes by and large available packages that will announced in the next point release of CentOS. The packages are fabricated bachelor on a testing and hotfix basis, until the bodily point release is formally released in grade of ISO images.^[203]
• debuginfo : Contains packages with debugging symbols generated when the primary packages were built.
• contrib : Contains packages contributed by CentOS users that do not overlap with whatsoever of the core distribution packages.
• Software Collections : Provides versions of software newer than those provided by the base distribution, encounter above for more details.

CentOS Stream [edit]

CentOS Stream is a midstream Linux distribution situated between the upstream evolution in Fedora and the downstream development for RHEL. The initial release, CentOS Stream viii, was released on 24 September 2019, at the same fourth dimension as CentOS 8, followed by CentOS Stream ix on 3 December 2021.^[204]

Notes [edit]

1. ^ CentOS versions older than 7.0-1406 had official support for i686 with Physical Address Extension (PAE), additional architectures were supported in the versions older than 4.7, and currently are provided by AltArch Special Involvement Group
2. ^ An "Extended Life-wheel Support (ELS) Improver Subscription" became available for a farther 3 years (i.due east. until 2015). The corresponding version of RHEL was on extended back up until 31 March 2017.
3. ^ An "Extended Life-wheel Support (ELS) Add-On Subscription" is available for a further 3 years. The corresponding version of RHEL is on extended support until 30 Nov 2020.
4. ^ Installation images for i386, ARM and PowerPC are provided by AltArch Special Interest Group.
5. ^ This repository does non be from CentOS 6.

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191. ^ "List of images in /centos/seven.6.1810/isos/x86_64/ directory". centos.org. 9 May 2018. Retrieved xiv October 2019. Updated eighteen April 2020
192. ^ "List of mirrors in /centos/7.seven.1908/isos/x86_64/ directory". centos.org. 17 September 2019. Retrieved xviii April 2020.
193. ^ "Special Interest Groups". centos.org. 17 Nov 2014. Retrieved 2 January 2015.
194. ^ "About/Product - CentOS Wiki". CentOS Wiki . Retrieved 18 April 2013.
195. ^ Singh, Karanbir (26 March 2014). "The ARM plan for CentOS". Retrieved 27 Nov 2014. ^{[ permanent expressionless link ]}
196. ^ "Cloud/AWS (CentOS documentation)". centos.org . Retrieved 18 October 2013.
197. ^ "[CentOS-announce] Updated AMI's for Amazon EC2 are at present available". centos.org. 21 June 2013. Retrieved 18 October 2013.
198. ^ "Software Direction Concepts: About Repositories (CentOS 5 manual)". centos.org. 24 November 2005. Archived from the original on 17 Nov 2014. Retrieved 16 December 2014.
199. ^ ^{a b} Johnny Hughes (half-dozen April 2006). "[CentOS] CentOS FastTrack repository". lists.centos.org . Retrieved eight Oct 2013.
200. ^ ^{a b} Jay Turner (3 Apr 2006). "Re: Fastrack channels?". redhat.com . Retrieved 16 December 2014.
201. ^ "Available Repositories for CentOS". centos.org . Retrieved 8 October 2013.
202. ^ "Reddish Hat Network (RHN) FasTrack". Cerise Lid. Archived from the original on three Jan 2015. Retrieved xvi Dec 2014.
203. ^ "The Continuous Release (CR) Repository". centos.org . Retrieved 8 October 2013.
204. ^ "Manuals/ReleaseNotes/CentOSStream - CentOS Wiki". wiki.centos.org.

Further reading [edit]

• Membrey, Peter (2009). The Definitive Guide to CentOS. Apress. ISBN978-1-4302-1930-9.
• Negus, Christopher; Timothy Boronczyk (2009). CentOS Bible. Wiley. ISBN978-0-470-48165-3.

External links [edit]

• Official website
• Archived official website of CAOS Linux (19 June 2012)

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CentOS

Posted by: perezboading73.blogspot.com

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